E85Forum.com

hotrod · Joined: 19 Apr 2005 Posts: 812 Location: Colorado

I can never seem to quickly find references for "on line debates" regarding ethanol. I thought it would be useful to build a bibliography of studies and news stories that support various ethanol discussion topics or serve to refute some of the bogus/outdated info that is out on the web.
Post any other links and I will merge them in with these links for quick reference.

I will add summary/foot notes to the links as time allows.

Larry

Energy statistics

Official Energy Statistics from the U.S. Govt.
http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelrenewable.html
current monthly production numbers
http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/monthly_oxygenate_report/current/pdf/819mhilt.pdf

monthly production
http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pnp_oxy_dc_nus_mbbl_m.htm

Petroleum stats
http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/info_glance/petroleum.html

http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/ethanol/feedstocks_resources_national.html

World production and export of oil countries in rank order
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2176rank.html

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2173rank.html

http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/analysispaper/biomass.html <--- EIA biofuels in the transportation sector paper

Ethanol Myths page from DOE
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/ethanol_myths_facts.html

fuel enthanol effect on gasoline prices
http://www.card.iastate.edu/publications/DBS/PDFFiles/08wp467.pdf <-- .29-.40 per gallon reduction

Oil speculation

http://www.mcadforums.com/forums/files/michael_masters_written_testimony.pdf

Augmenting bio fuel production with hydrogen injection
http://environment.newscientist.com/article/dn11364

Price history gasoline, ethanol and diesel
http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/price_report.html

Energy balance of fuel ethanol vs Pimental study

http://www.ncga.com/ethanol/pdfs/StudySummary.pdf
http://www.ethanolrfa.org/objects/documents/84/ethanolffuelsrebuttal.pdf
http://www.ncga.com/ethanol/pdfs/Wang2005.pdf
http://www.anl.gov/Media_Center/News/2005/NCGA_Ethanol_Meeting_050823.ppt#4 <--
.74 mbtu fossil in = 1 mbtu ethanol out (corn 1.36 return)
(cellulose 2.31 return)
1.23 mbtu fossil in = 1 mbtu fossil out (gasoline 0.81 return)
electricty 2.34 mbtu fossil in = 1mbtu electricty out (0.45 return) <--- not a good thing for electric cars and CO2 emissions.

http://www.ethanol.org/pdf/contentmgmt/Science_Journal_January_2006.pdf
Journal of Science article on energy balance

http://www.transportation.anl.gov/pdfs/TA/271.pdf
http://www.ethanol-gec.org/information/briefing/10.pdf
http://www.oregon.gov/ENERGY/RENEW/Biomass/docs/FORUM/EthanolEnergyBalance.pdf
http://www.eri.ucr.edu/ISAFXVCD/ISAFXVAF/UGEEERF.pdf
http://www.ethanolrfa.org/objects/documents/572/energywellspent.pdf
http://www.ethanolrfa.org/objects/documents/83/aer721.pdf
http://rael.berkeley.edu/EBAMM/summary.html
http://rael.berkeley.edu/EBAMM/FarrellEthanolScience012706.pdf
http://www.ncga.com/public_policy/issues/2001/ethanol/08_22_01b.htm
http://www.ncga.com/public_policy/issues/2001/ethanol/08_22_01a.htm

Fuel economy due to summer/winter blend gasolines

http://www.epa.gov/otaq/regs/fuels/ostp-3.pdf
http://www.ethanol.org/pdf/contentmgmt/ACEFuelEconomyStudy_001.pdf
http://www.ethanol.org/pdf/contentmgmt/ACE_Optimal_Ethanol_Blend_Level_Study_final_12507.pdf

http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy03osti/32206.pdf
Title : Issues Associated with Use of Higher Ethanol Blends (E17 - E24)
By National Renewable Energy Lab Oct 2002

Includes comments on pipeline shipment of ethanol including successful tests and methods used in Brazil, along with vehicle compatibility with higher ethanol fuel blends.

Fuel characteristics ethanol vs gasoline
http://www.drivingethanol.org/motorsports/racing_fuel_characteristics.aspx

http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/pdfs/fueltable.pdf
Fuels Properties Table
Department of Energy

Contains physical properties of many common transportation fuels.

E85 ASTM specifcation ASTM D5798-07
http://www.astm.org/cgi-bin/SoftCart.exe/DATABASE.CART/REDLINE_PAGES/D5798.htm?E+mystore

http://www.nrel.gov/docs/legosti/old/5682.pdf
Ethanol from Biomass
Technology report from NREL on advances in ethanol production from cellulose using organizms that directly ferment xylose to ethanol, and single organizms that can produce ethanol directly from both 5 and 6 carbon sugars.

http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy06osti/40243.pdf
Handbook for Handling Storing and Dispensing E85
NREL with DOE and NEVC

Gives useful guidence to anyone interested in understanding the proper handling, storage, and distribution of E85 , included discussion of compatible pumping equipment.

http://www.transportation.anl.gov/pdfs/AF/265.pdf
Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol Update
USDA publication

Summarizes recent data on true costs and co-products generated during ethanol production. Showing a positive energy balance of 1.34 .
July 2002

http://www.transportation.anl.gov/software/GREET/publications.html
Argonne National Labratories, list of GREET model studies and reports

http://www.renewableenergyaccess.com/rea/news/story?id=36794

http://www.ethanol.org/pdf/contentmgmt/Aug%2007%20ET%20CoverStory.pdf

http://www.ncga.com/ethanol/pdfs/Wang2005.pdf

http://www.transportation.anl.gov/pdfs/TA/377.pdf
Fuel Cycle Assessment of Selected Bio-Ethanol Pathways in the United States.
Argon National Labratories publication (52 pages)

Detailed discussion of energy useage and assumptions used in energy balance calculations. Give direct comparitive data between gasoline and fuel ethanol by various means of production in section 5.x.

Testimony before California Senate on low carbon fuel standards
http://www.ethanolrfa.org/objects/documents/2231/031609_ca_testimony_rfa.pdf

Ethanol Literature Review
http://www.usask.ca/agriculture/caedac/PDF/ethanol.pdf

tax benefits

http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/pdfs/exisetax.pdf
http://waysandmeans.house.gov/hearings.asp?formmode=view&id=5797

Economic impact on local and state economies due to ethanol production

http://www.ethanol.org/pdf/contentmgmt/EconomicImpactofEthanolinSD.pdf
http://www.ethanol.org/pdf/contentmgmt/Final2005IRFAeconimpactstudy.pdf
http://www.ethanol.org/pdf/contentmgmt/ethanol_and_the_local_community.pdf
http://www.ethanol.org/pdf/contentmgmt/Ethanol_Economic_Contribution_Feb_06.pdf

Synthetic ethanol
http://www.platinum.matthey.com/media_room/1181642406.html

Nuclear co generation ethanol
http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/070517/lath086.html?.v=98

Sugar cane based ethanol
Peru -- http://e85.whipnet.net/news/sugar.cane.html

Cellulose based ethanol

switch grass -
http://bioenergy.ornl.gov/papers/misc/switgrs.html

Iogen ethanol - http://www.iogen.ca/
http://www.iogen.ca/news_events/press_releases/2007_02_28_biorefineries_press_release.pdf

http://www.ethanolforums.com/viewtopic.php?t=54
http://www.agriculture.com/ag/story.jhtml?storyid=/templatedata/ag/story/data/1146689438081.xml
http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/ussciencebiofuel;_ylt=AmvgXVjctu5cfUVefQ86y1Ks0NUE
Range fuels - http://www.rangefuels.com/range_fuels_to_build_first_wood_cellulosic_ethanol_plant_in_georgia
http://www.technologyreview.com/Energy/18227/
http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS144433+08-Jan-2008+BW20080108

http://www.biofuelsjournal.com/articles/Georgia_Institute_of_Technology_Takes_Comprehensive_Approach_to_Cellulosic_Ethanol_Research-48442.html
http://blogs.business2.com/greenwombat/2007/07/first-cellulosi.html

http://www.agriculture.com/ag/story.jhtml?storyid=/templatedata/ag/story/data/1146689438081.xml

http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/ussciencebiofuel;_ylt=AmvgXVjctu5cfUVefQ86y1Ks0NUE

Ethanol economics

Spot prices california
http://www.energy.ca.gov/gasoline/graphs/ethanol_18-month.html

Average ethanol rack prices by state
http://www.axxispetro.com/ace.shtml

Index speculation in commodities

http://hsgac.senate.gov/public/_files/052008Masters.pdf

Use of intermediate Ethanol fuel blends

http://www.ethanol.org/pdf/contentmgmt/E30_Final_Report.pdf

Legislation regarding renewable fuels

http://www.portlandonline.com/osd/index.cfm?c=ecied
Portland renewable fuels standard

http://www.leg.wa.gov/pub/billinfo/2005-06/Pdf/Bills/House%20Bills/2738-S.E.pdf
washington state house bill on renewable fuel standard

http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-AIR/2007/May/Day-01/a7140b.htm
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/renewablefuels/
http://www.ethanolrfa.org/resource/standard/
Federal Renewable fuel standards

http://houston.bizjournals.com/houston/stories/2007/09/03/focus2.html
Business Journal story regarding Federal Renewable Fuels standards intent and tracking of renewable fuels via use of Renewable fuels credits.

E85 optimized engines
http://www.swri.edu/4org/d03/engres/spkeng/sprkign/pbeffimp.htm

News articles on FFVs' of note
Saab
http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/AutoshowArticles/articleId=108748
http://www.worldcarfans.com/2060419.001/saab-9-5-biopower

Pugeot
http://www.worldcarfans.com/2070806.002/peugeot-307-bioflex
Included note regarding changes made to become FFV and increased power on E85

Renault
http://ethanolproducer.com/article.jsp?article_id=3326

Food and fuel

http://www.foodandfuelamerica.com/2007/10/congresswomen-herseth-sandlin-responds.html

Small engines an E85
http://www.michigan.gov/documents/CIS_EO_Control_of_Emissions-E85-Final_AF-E-_87915_7.pdf
http://www.ilcorn.org/Ethanol/Ethan_Studies/Small_Engines/small_engines.html
http://www.ncga.com/ethanol/main/your_car.htm
http://www.gov.mb.ca/est/energy/ethanol/pdf/fs_small_engines.pdf
http://www.drivingethanol.org/userdocs/facts/2007_Small_Engines_Fact_Sheet.pdf
http://www.ncga.com/ethanol/vehicle/smallEngines.asp
http://www.iowacornethanol.com/documents/small_engine.pdf
http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/1999-01-3345 <--- study on effects of ethanol blended fuels on small engine emissions -- must pay to get full report

Marine engines:
There are some legitimate concerns regarding ethanol added fuels in marine environments which are well covered in this notice by Evinrude.

http://www.evinrude-parts.com/boat_ethanol_danger_precaution.html
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/rfgboats.htm
http://www.nmma.org/certification/local/downloads/documents/compliancebulletin/11-07-05.pdf

http://www.nmma.org/lib/docs/nmma/gr/environmental/32206.pdf <--- NREL report "issues with higher ethanol blends"

di-iso octyl phalate deposits from dissolved resins in fiberglass fuel tanks
http://www.nmma.org/lib/docs/nmma/gr/environmental/E20_Position_Paper.doc

Useful products that relate to ethanol fuels and problems associated with use of ethanol fuels:

Product to re-suspend a separated ethanol/water phase separation in E-10 fuels contaminated with water.

E-Zorb (MDR-574)
http://www.mdramazon.com/

Commercial fuel test kit to check ethanol content of fuels
http://theoutboardwizard.bizhosting.com/alcohol_fuel_test_kit.html

Fogging oil for use on engines stored for extended periods of time (ie marine engines )
STA-BIL Fogging Oil
http://www.goldeagle.com/sta-bil/products.htm

Magazine articles
Project "BrightMare" made the cover of Mustang Enthusiast magazine
August issue 2007

Sci Am article from Sept 06 on ethanol

News story on ethanol conversions
http://wcco.com/local/local_story_202091258.html

Indy 500 starts using E100
http://www.greencarcongress.com/2007/03/indycar_series_.html#more

SAE papers
($14) from SAE International (www.sae.org). The paper is called "An experimental and modeling investigation into the comparative knock and performance characteristics of E85, Gasohol, and Regular unleaded gasoline. Paper # 2007-01-0473

E85 carburetor conversion articles
(discussion thread - http://e85forum.com/viewtopic.php?t=439)
Feb,07 Mopar Action magazine
http://www.moparts.org/moparts/picture/print/pages/Vraa.html

After market E85 carburetors

http://www.edelbrock.com/automotive_new/mc/carbs_acc/pdf/carb_app_chart.pdf

Ethanol studies
Australian E20 study (discussion thread - http://e85forum.com/viewtopic.php?t=437)
http://www.environment.gov.au/atmosphere/fuelquality/publications/testing-passenger-fleet/pubs/gasoline.pdf

MIT study on direct injection E85
http://www.engr.unl.edu/~ethanol/unl-sae2.pdf

SAE paper on high efficiency ethanol engine

http://www.epa.gov/otaq/presentations/gni-mjb-051303.pdf

MIT study on knock suppression on highly turbocharged gasoline/ethanol direct ethanol injection
http://lfee.mit.edu/public/LFEE%202006-01%20RP.pdf

Handbook for Handling storing and dispensing E85
http://www.e85fuel.com/pdf/e85_technical_booklet.pdf

The Ohio Fleet study conducted in 1996, http://www.nrel.gov/vehiclesandfuels/fleettest/pdfs/ohio6.pdf

EPA approves use of Blender Pumps (for FlexFuel Vehicles)
http://www.argusleader.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061208/NEWS03/612080311

Ethanol emissions impact studies

http://www.ethanolrfa.org/objects/documents/69/nec_whitten.pdf
discusses reductions and possible mechanisms for secondary emissions reductions due to ethanol use in fuels

The wang study clearly shows the lower overall emissions based on analysis of a large number
of independent studies

http://www.transportation.anl.gov/pdfs/TA/349.pdf
It cites GHG emission reductions of per mile GHG emissions ranging from -2% to to -23% for Corn based Ethanol, and the potential of -64% reduction in per mile GHG emissions for cellulose based Ethanol fuels. (see page 14)

On page 19 you see the range or results coming from some of the studies and it is clear that studies done in the last10 years show consistent reductions in GHG emissions.

University of Nebraska 1999 Chevy Silverado to E85
http://www.engr.unl.edu/~ethanol/unl-sae2.pdf

Genetically engineered corn for ethanol production.

http://www.bradenton.com/mld/bradenton/business/15475528.htm?source=rss&channel=bradenton_business

Sept 1979 report to Congress on Gasohol and its potential to reduce fuel imports
http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/ota/Ota_5/DATA/1979/7908.PDF

Ethanol from Algae
http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/2006-01-10-algae-powerplants_x.htm
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7135308.html
http://www.aps.com/general_info/newsrelease/newsreleases/NewsRelease_358.html

Farmers concern about over production
http://www.iowafarmer.com/articles/2006/12/08/headlines/minnesota_farm_guide/ag_news/regional_news/news10.txt

UL listing of E85 dispensers - related links and docs

http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/pdfs/statesummary.pdf

http://www.usda.gov/oce/energy/aer842_ethanol.pdf
summary of current technology includes interesting references like higher thermal efficiency of ethanol compared to gasoline, due to higher octane.

Also discusses costs and efficiency levels of current and new production methods and secondary impacts due to increased availability of co-products and innovative co-products and supply streams like cheese whey

http://www.usda.gov/oce/EthanolSugarFeasibilityReport3.pdf
Economic Feasibility of ethanol production from sugar in the U.S.
Include several historical references for various crops production, yields, and acreages planted.
Discusses relative efficiency of various sugar feed stocks for ethanol production --
163 gal / ton of sucrose (theoretical)
141 gal / ton of sucrose (practical)

19.5 gal /ton sugar cane
24.8 gal / ton of sugar beets
69.4 gal/ ton of molasses

135.4 gal / ton of raw sugar
141.0 gal/ton of refined sugar

Ethanol usage in racing

http://www.o2-technology.com/tech/E85IntroDynoResults.pdf
http://www.putfile.com/pic.php?img=3232639

http://ethanolproducer.com/article.jsp?article_id=3283
http://domesticfuel.com/?p=2230

http://www.drivingethanol.org/motorsports/drag_racing.aspx

http://www.drivingethanol.org/motorsports/dan_Schwartzkopf.aspx

http://www.distillersgrains.com/wyomingEthanol.htm

http://www.drivingethanol.org/motorsports/racing_fuel_characteristics.aspx

==================
Plug in Hybrid Electric power demand study ORNL
http://www.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/v41_1_08/regional_phev_analysis.pdf

=================

Hidden costs of oil

http://64.233.167.104/search?q=cache:FZ7MPX7OZiYJ:www.khoslaventures.com/presentations/EnergySecurityAndOilDependence(final).doc+SD-419+oil&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=6&gl=us

Senate hearing, Senator Lugar March 30, 2006
http://foreign.senate.gov/hearings/2006/hrg060330a.html
rtsp://video.webcastcenter.com/srs_g2/foreign033006.rm <http://video.webcastcenter.com:8080/viewsource/template.html?nuyhtgi9ytz6qjrhxdxpk7ye8o6xaf70iEg7uq8sy7>

http://books.google.com/books?id=qZjg3o3-dKQC&pg=PA5&lpg=PA5&dq=SD-419+oil&source=web&ots=q2Q_m8cdEX&sig=9MoyvA2Kzxfl_10mSrxioRmAHL8&hl=en#PPA5,M1

http://ndcf.homeip.net/ndcf/energy/NDCF_Hidden_Cost_2006_summary_paper.pdf

http://ndcf.homeip.net/ndcf/energy/NDCF_Hidden_Costs_of_Imported_Oil.pdf

thermal depolymerization and other second generation bio-hydrocarbon fuels

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_depolymerization
http://www.changingworldtech.com/press_room/index.asp

http://www.ecs.umass.edu/biofuels/Images/Roadmap2-08.pdf

Alcohol · Joined: 17 Apr 2007 Posts: 567 Location: Central Wisconsin

Thanks Larry- I keep losing my links, that is a pretty good list.

hotrod · Joined: 19 Apr 2005 Posts: 812 Location: Colorado

Bump and note a new entry on optimized E85 engines has been added.

Larry

mtbottle · Joined: 14 Jan 2006 Posts: 48 Location: West Virgnia

Larry those are great links that you posted. I need you to be a co-author on ethanol blog site. Check it out.

http://americanfuels.blogspot.com/

Let me know.
_________________
Duane Combs